Combatting Trachoma and Eye Care in India
Rajasthan News
Trachoma has nearly been eradicated from India, with its prevalence now dropping to less than 1%. This achievement marks a significant milestone for the country, recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO), which has only honored 20 countries, including India, for reaching this level of control. Trachoma is a bacterial infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, historically a leading cause of blindness worldwide. It primarily affects the eyes, leading to roughening of the inner eyelids.
If left untreated, trachoma can result in severe pain, corneal damage, and ultimately blindness, which is irreversible. Currently, the WHO identifies trachoma as a significant health concern in 39 countries, with 1.9 million people worldwide who have vision loss due to the disease. Thus, eliminating trachoma from India is a remarkable achievement.
In today’s ‘Sehatnama,’ we will explore the following topics related to trachoma:
- What causes the spread of trachoma?
- What are its treatment options and preventive measures?
- What symptoms warrant caution?
In 2005, trachoma accounted for 4% of all blindness cases in India.
According to the World Health Organization, trachoma accounted for 4% of blindness cases in India in 2005. By 2018, this prevalence had significantly declined to 0.008%.
After thoroughly reviewing the facts, figures, and cases related to trachoma in India, the WHO team concluded that the disease has nearly been eradicated from the country. They submitted their recommendation to the WHO, which subsequently approved it.
What is the number of trachoma patients in the country and worldwide?
Dr. Digvijay Singh notes that the symptoms of trachoma resemble those of a typical eye infection. Over time, the lesion on the white part of the eye continues to grow. Initially, patients may experience increased dryness, followed by swollen eyelids. This is soon accompanied by a stinging sensation in the eyes and potential corneal damage. As trachoma symptoms gradually worsen and cause further harm, early identification and prompt treatment become essential.
What is the mode of transmission for trachoma?
Trachoma spreads through direct contact with an infected person’s eye, nose, or throat secretions. Additionally, flies that have come into contact with these secretions can transmit trachoma.
Dr. Digvijay Singh points out that this disease is primarily found in developing countries. The higher prevalence is due to the more excellent dust and dirt in these areas, which promote fly breeding. In many trachoma cases, flies serve as carriers of the bacteria.
He notes that most trachoma cases are from rural or urban settings, with a higher risk of dirt and fly proliferation. If the bacteria transfer to our hands or face via cloth, surfaces, or flies, they can easily reach the eyes and cause an infection.
Trachoma is Relatively Easy to Treat
Dr. Digvijay Singh explains that while trachoma is a severe bacterial infection that can lead to blindness, it is also easy to treat.
Because trachoma symptoms progress gradually, there is ample time for effective treatment, and antibiotics are highly effective in addressing the infection. Doctors typically prescribe Azithromycin; however, it’s essential not to take this medication without consulting a doctor first.
What steps can be taken to prevent trachoma?
Dr. Digvijay Singh emphasizes that cleanliness is the fundamental and most crucial factor in preventing trachoma and other bacterial infections.
Wash your hands regularly, especially with clean water, before touching your face. Flies can also carry the bacteria responsible for this infection, so maintaining a clean living environment is vital. For additional preventive measures, please refer to the graphic.
Eliminating Trachoma Offers Significant Promise in the Battle Against Dengue and Malaria
We have joined the ranks of 20 countries worldwide that have successfully eliminated trachoma. Dr. Digvijay Singh states that eradicating trachoma brings great hope in the battle against various vector-borne diseases prevalent in India.